Abdul Sultan

Sultan AH, Nicholls RJ, Kamm MA, Hudson CN, Beynon J, Bartram CI. Anal endosonography and correlation with in vitro and in vivo anatomy. Br J Surg. 1993 Apr;80(4):508-11. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800800435. PMID: 8495324.

Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Hudson CN, Thomas JM, Bartram CI. Anal-sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery. N Engl J Med. 1993 Dec 23;329(26):1905-11. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199312233292601. PMID: 8247054.

Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Hudson CN, Bartram CI. Effect of pregnancy on anal sphincter morphology and function. Int J Colorectal Dis. 1993 Dec;8(4):206-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00290307. PMID: 8163894.

Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Bartram CI, Hudson CN. Anal sphincter trauma during instrumental delivery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1993 Dec;43(3):263-70. doi: 10.1016/0020-7292(93)90514-w. PMID: 7907036.

Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Hudson CN. Pudendal nerve damage during labour: prospective study before and after childbirth. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1994 Jan;101(1):22-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13005.x. PMID: 8297863.

Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Talbot IC, Nicholls RJ, Bartram CI. Anal endosonography for identifying external sphincter defects confirmed histologically. Br J Surg. 1994 Mar;81(3):463-5. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800810349. PMID: 8173933.

Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Hudson CN, Nicholls JR, Bartram CI. Endosonography of the anal sphincters: normal anatomy and comparison with manometry. Clin Radiol. 1994 Jun;49(6):368-74. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9260(05)81819-7. PMID: 8045058.

Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Hudson CN, Bartram CI. Third degree obstetric anal sphincter tears: risk factors and outcome of primary repair. BMJ. 1994 Apr 2;308(6933):887-91. doi: 10.1136/bmj.308.6933.887. PMID: 8173367; PMCID: PMC2539832.

Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Nicholls RJ, Bartram CI. Prospective study of the extent of internal anal sphincter division during lateral sphincterotomy. Dis Colon Rectum. 1994 Oct;37(10):1031-3. doi: 10.1007/BF02049319. PMID: 7924711.

Lunniss PJ, Barker PG, Sultan AH, Armstrong P, Reznek RH, Bartram CI, Cottam KS, Phillips RK. Magnetic resonance imaging of fistula-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum. 1994 Jul;37(7):708-18. doi: 10.1007/BF02054416. PMID: 8026238.

Engel AF, Kamm MA, Sultan AH, Bartram CI, Nicholls RJ. Anterior anal sphincter repair in patients with obstetric trauma. Br J Surg. 1994 Aug;81(8):1231-4. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800810853. PMID: 7953372.

Sultan AH, Loder PB, Bartram CI, Kamm MA, Hudson CN. Vaginal endosonography. New approach to image the undisturbed anal sphincter. Dis Colon Rectum. 1994 Dec;37(12):1296-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02257800. PMID: 7995162.

Sultan, A. H., Kamm, M. A., & Hudson, C. N. (1995). Obstetric perineal trauma: An audit of training. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 15(1), 19–23. https://doi.org/10.3109/01443619509007724

Halligan S, Sultan A, Rottenberg G, Bartram CI. Endosonography of the anal sphincters in solitary rectal ulcer syndrome. Int J Colorectal Dis. 1995;10(2):79-82. doi: 10.1007/BF00341201. PMID: 7636377.

Sultan AH, Johanson RB, Carter JE. Occult anal sphincter trauma following randomized forceps and vacuum delivery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1998 May;61(2):113-9. doi: 10.1016/s0020-7292(98)00017-4. PMID: 9639214.

Sultan AH, Monga AK, Kumar D, Stanton SL. Primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter rupture using the overlap technique. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999 Apr;106(4):318-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08268.x. PMID: 10426237.

Johanson RB, Heycock E, Carter J, Sultan AH, Walklate K, Jones PW.  Maternal and child health after assisted vaginal delivery: five year follow up of a randomised controlled study comparing forceps and ventouse. British Journal of Obsterics and Gynaecology 1999:106:544-49. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08322.x

Butler-Manuel SA, Summerville K, Ford A, Blake P, Riley AJ, Sultan AH, Monga AK, Stanton SL, Shepherd JH, Barton DP. Self-assessment of morbidity following radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer. J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999 Mar;19(2):180-3. doi: 10.1080/01443619965552. PMID: 15512265.

Chaliha C, Kalia V, Stanton SL, Monga A, Sultan AH. Antenatal prediction of postpartum urinary and fecal incontinence. Obstet Gynecol. 1999 Nov;94(5 Pt 1):689-94. doi: 10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00364-6. PMID: 10546711.

Chaliha C, Bland JM, Monga A, Stanton SL, Sultan AH. Pregnancy and delivery: a urodynamic viewpoint. BJOG. 2000 Nov;107(11):1354-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11647.x. PMID: 11117761.

Chaliha C, Sultan AH, Bland JM, Monga AK, Stanton SL. Anal function: effect of pregnancy and delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Aug;185(2):427-32. doi: 10.1067/mob.2001.115997. PMID: 11518904.

Carter J, Johanson R, Heycock E, Sultan A, Walklate K, Jones P. Long–term health after childbirth. British Journal of Midwifery 2001;9(12):748-53 doi:10.12968/bjom.2001.9.12.9402

Fernando RJ, Sultan AH, Radley S, Jones PW, Johanson RB. Management of obstetric anal sphincter injury: a systematic review & national practice survey. BMC Health Serv Res. 2002 May 13;2(1):9. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-2-9. PMID: 12006105; PMCID: PMC116576.

Chaliha C, Khullar V, Stanton SL, Monga A, Sultan AH. Urinary symptoms in pregnancy: are they useful for diagnosis? BJOG. 2002 Oct;109(10):1181-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.01086.x. PMID: 12387475.

Sultan AH, Amin R. Effective menopause management. Health and Ageing. 2003;6 (1):3-5 

Peschers UM, Sultan AH, Jundt K, Mayer A, Drinovac V, Dimpfl T. Urinary and anal incontinence after vacuum delivery. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2003 Sep 10;110(1):39-42. doi: 10.1016/s0301-2115(03)00111-8. PMID: 12932869.

Chapple CR, Haab F, Cervigni M, Dannecker C, Fianu-Jonasson A, Sultan AH. An open, multicentre study of NASHA/Dx Gel (Zuidex) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Eur Urol. 2005 Sep;48(3):488-94. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2005.05.007. PMID: 15967568.

Andrews V, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Jones PW. Are mediolateral episiotomies actually mediolateral? BJOG. 2005 Aug;112(8):1156-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00645.x. Erratum in: BJOG. 2005 Oct;112(10):1459. PMID: 16045535.

Andrews V, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Kettle C. Can hands-on perineal repair courses affect clinical practice. Br J Midwifery 2005;13(9):562-5 doi:10.12968/bjom.2005.13.9.19625

Andrews V, Sultan AH, Thakar R, Jones PW. Occult anal sphincter injuries--myth or reality? BJOG. 2006 Feb;113(2):195-200. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.00799.x. PMID: 16411998.

Andrews V, Sultan AH, Thakar R, Jones PW. Risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injury: a prospective study. Birth. 2006 Jun;33(2):117-22. doi: 10.1111/j.0730-7659.2006.00088.x. PMID: 16732776.

Fernando RJ, Sultan AH, Kettle C, Radley S, Jones P, O'Brien PM. Repair techniques for obstetric anal sphincter injuries: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Jun;107(6):1261-8. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000218693.24144.bd. PMID: 16738150.

Uchil D, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Seymour J, Addison R. Continence pads: have we got it right? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2006 May;17(3):234-8. doi: 10.1007/s00192-005-1341-2. Epub 2005 Jul 6. PMID: 15999216.

Fernando RJ, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Shah SM, Jones PW. Effect of vaginal pessaries on symptoms associated with pelvic organ prolapse. Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Jul;108(1):93-9. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000222903.38684.cc. PMID: 16816061.

Chaliha C, Sultan AH, Emmanuel AV. Normal ranges for anorectal manometry and sensation in women of reproductive age. Colorectal Dis. 2007 Nov;9(9):839-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2007.01212.x. Epub 2007 May 17. PMID: 17509053.

Singh A, Scheer I, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Trials and tribulations of the current national consent form. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2007 Jul;27(5):475-8. doi: 10.1080/01443610701405895. PMID: 17701793.

Kapoor DS, Sultan AH, Thakar R, Abulafi MA, Swift RI, Ness W. Management of complex pelvic floor disorders in a multidisciplinary pelvic floor clinic. Colorectal Dis. 2008 Feb;10(2):118-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2007.01208.x. PMID: 18199292.

Scheer I, Andrews V, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Urinary incontinence after obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS)--is there a relationship? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2008 Feb;19(2):179-83. doi: 10.1007/s00192-007-0431-8. Epub 2007 Aug 2. PMID: 17671753.

Andrews V, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Jones PW. Evaluation of postpartum perineal pain and dyspareunia--a prospective study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2008 Apr;137(2):152-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2007.06.005. Epub 2007 Aug 2. PMID: 17681663.

Thakar R, Chawla S, Scheer I, Barrett G, Sultan AH. Sexual function following pelvic floor surgery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2008 Aug;102(2):110-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2008.03.013. Epub 2008 May 7. PMID: 18466905.

Roos AM, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Scheer I. Female sexual dysfunction: are urogynecologists ready for it? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Jan;20(1):89-101. doi: 10.1007/s00192-008-0735-3. Epub 2008 Oct 14. PMID: 18853081.

Andrews V, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Structured hands-on training in repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS): an audit of clinical practice. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Feb;20(2):193-9. doi: 10.1007/s00192-008-0756-y. Epub 2008 Nov 18. Erratum in: Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Nov;20(11):1397. PMID: 19015800.

Roos AM, Sultan AH, Thakar R. St. Mark's incontinence score for assessment of anal incontinence following obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS). Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Apr;20(4):407-10. doi: 10.1007/s00192-008-0784-7. Epub 2008 Dec 12. PMID: 19082774.

Scheer I, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Mode of delivery after previous obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS)--a reappraisal? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Sep;20(9):1095-101. doi: 10.1007/s00192-009-0908-8. Epub 2009 May 28. PMID: 19475329.

Oliver R, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Phillimore A. Urogynecology triage clinic: a model of healthcare delivery. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Aug;20(8):913-7. doi: 10.1007/s00192-009-0878-x. Epub 2009 May 28. PMID: 19475330.

Andrews V, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Outcome of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS)--role of structured management. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Aug;20(8):973-8. doi: 10.1007/s00192-009-0883-0. Epub 2009 May 5. PMID: 19415154.

Kapoor DS, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Oliver R. Conservative versus surgical management of prolapse: what dictates patient choice? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Oct;20(10):1157-61. doi: 10.1007/s00192-009-0930-x. Epub 2009 Jun 19. PMID: 19543676.

Lone F, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Long-term outcome of transurethral injection of hyaluronic acid/dextranomer (NASHA/Dx gel) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Int Urogynecol J. 2010 Nov;21(11):1359-64. doi: 10.1007/s00192-010-1211-4. Epub 2010 Jun 23. PMID: 20571764.

Lone F, Sultan AH, Thakar R, Beggs A. Risk factors and management patterns for emergency obstetric hysterectomy over 2 decades. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2010 Apr;109(1):12-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2009.10.012. Epub 2009 Dec 1. PMID: 19951818.

Beggs AD, Irukulla S, Sultan AH, Ness W, Abulafi AM. A pilot study of ultrasound guided Durasphere injection in the treatment of faecal incontinence. Colorectal Dis. 2010 Sep;12(9):935-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2009.01927.x. Epub 2009 Apr 27. PMID: 19438887.

Roos AM, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Outcome of primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS): does the grade of tear matter? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Sep;36(3):368-74. doi: 10.1002/uog.7512. PMID: 20069661.

Abdool Z, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Oliver RS. Prospective evaluation of outcome of vaginal pessaries versus surgery in women with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse. Int Urogynecol J. 2011 Mar;22(3):273-8. doi: 10.1007/s00192-010-1340-9. Epub 2010 Dec 16. PMID: 21161179.

Roos AM, Abdool Z, Sultan AH, Thakar R. The diagnostic accuracy of endovaginal and transperineal ultrasound for detecting anal sphincter defects: The PREDICT study. Clin Radiol. 2011 Jul;66(7):597-604. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2010.11.017. Epub 2011 Mar 25. PMID: 21440249.

Elenskaia K, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Scheer I, Beggs A. The effect of pregnancy and childbirth on pelvic floor muscle function. Int Urogynecol J. 2011 Nov;22(11):1421-7. doi: 10.1007/s00192-011-1501-5. Epub 2011 Jul 26. PMID: 21789660.

Roos AM, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Sexual problems in the gynecology clinic: are we making a mountain out of a molehill? Int Urogynecol J. 2012 Feb;23(2):145-52. doi: 10.1007/s00192-011-1516-y. Epub 2011 Jul 28. PMID: 21796468.

Freeman R, Holmes D, Hillard T, Smith P, James M, Sultan A, Morley R, Yang Q, Abrams P. What patients think: patient-reported outcomes of retropubic versus trans-obturator mid-urethral slings for urodynamic stress incontinence--a multi-centre randomised controlled trial. Int Urogynecol J. 2011 Mar;22(3):279-86. doi: 10.1007/s00192-010-1343-6. Epub 2011 Jan 11. PMID: 21222114.

Lone F, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Karamalis G. A 5-year prospective study of vaginal pessary use for pelvic organ prolapse. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011 Jul;114(1):56-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2011.02.006. Epub 2011 May 14. PMID: 21575953.

Roos AM, Abdool Z, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Predicting anal sphincter defects: the value of clinical examination and manometry. Int Urogynecol J. 2012 Jun;23(6):755-63. doi: 10.1007/s00192-011-1609-7. Epub 2011 Nov 18. PMID: 22095551.

Naidu M, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Convalescence advice following gynaecological surgery. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2012 Aug;32(6):556-9. doi: 10.3109/01443615.2012.693983. PMID: 22779961.

Andrews V, Shelmeridine S, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Anal and urinary incontinence 4 years after a vaginal delivery. Int Urogynecol J. 2013 Jan;24(1):55-60. doi: 10.1007/s00192-012-1835-7. Epub 2012 Jul 4. PMID: 22760264.

Lone FW, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Stankiewicz A. Accuracy of assessing Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification points using dynamic 2D transperineal ultrasound in women with pelvic organ prolapse. Int Urogynecol J. 2012 Nov;23(11):1555-60. doi: 10.1007/s00192-012-1779-y. Epub 2012 Apr 28. PMID: 22543548.

Johnson A, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Obstetric perineal wound infection: is there underreporting? Br J Nurs. 2012 Mar 8-21;21(5):S28, S30, S32-5. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2012.21.Sup5.S28. PMID: 22489339.

Lone F, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Stankiewicz A. Prospective evaluation of change in levator hiatus dimensions using 3D endovaginal ultrasound before and 1 year after treatment for female pelvic organ prolapse. International Urogynecology Journal. 2012 Sep 28. [Epub ahead of print]

Elenskaia K, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Scheer I, Onwude J. Pelvic organ support, symptoms and quality of life during pregnancy: a prospective study. Int Urogynecol J. 2013 Jul;24(7):1085-90. doi: 10.1007/s00192-012-1935-4. Epub 2012 Sep 22. PMID: 23001047.

Elenskaia K, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Scheer I, Onwude J. Effect of childbirth on pelvic organ support and quality of life: a longitudinal cohort study. Int Urogynecol J. 2013 Jun;24(6):927-37. doi: 10.1007/s00192-012-1932-7. Epub 2012 Sep 7. PMID: 22955252.

Rømmen K, Schei B, Rydning A, Sultan AH, Mørkved S. Prevalence of anal incontinence among Norwegian women: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2012 Jul 30;2(4). pii: e001257. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001257.

Roos AM, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Burger CW, Paulus AT. Pelvic floor dysfunction: women's sexual concerns unraveled. J Sex Med. 2014 Mar;11(3):743-52. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12070. Epub 2013 Jan 24. PMID: 23347592.

van Delft K, Schwertner-Tiepelmann N, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Inter-rater reliability of assessment of levator ani muscle strength and attachment to the pubic bone in nulliparous women. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Sep;42(3):341-6. doi: 10.1002/uog.12426. PMID: 23371476.

van Delft K, Thakar R, Shobeiri SA, Sultan AH. Levator hematoma at the attachment zone as an early marker for levator ani muscle avulsion. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Feb;43(2):210-7. doi: 10.1002/uog.12571. PMID: 23893754.

van Delft K, Schwertner-Tiepelmann N, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Recruitment of pregnant women in research. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2013 Jul;33(5):442-6. doi: 10.3109/01443615.2013.767787. PMID: 23815192.

Roos AM, Thakar R, Sultan AH, de Leeuw JW, Paulus AT. The impact of pelvic floor surgery on female sexual function: a mixed quantitative and qualitative study. BJOG. 2014 Jan;121(1):92-100; discussion 101. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12412. Epub 2013 Sep 10. PMID: 24020923.

McPherson KC, Beggs AD, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Can the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs) be predicted using a risk-scoring system? BMC Res Notes. 2014 Jul 24;7:471. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-471. PMID: 25056485; PMCID: PMC4119183.

Lone F, Sultan AH, Stankiewicz A, Thakar R, Wieczorek AP. Vascularity of the urethra in continent women using colour doppler high-frequency endovaginal ultrasonography. Springerplus. 2014 Oct 20;3:619. doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-619. PMID: 25392789; PMCID: PMC4216823.

Reid AJ, Beggs AD, Sultan AH, Roos AM, Thakar R. Outcome of repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries after three years. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014 Oct;127(1):47-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.04.013. Epub 2014 Jun 12. PMID: 25097141; PMCID: PMC4175217.

Naidu M, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Outcomes of minimally invasive suburethral slings with and without concomitant pelvic organ prolapse surgery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014 Oct;127(1):69-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.04.017. Epub 2014 Jun 19. PMID: 24994496.

Lone F, Sultan AH, Stankiewicz A, Thakar R. The value of pre-operative multicompartment pelvic floor ultrasonography: a 1-year prospective study. Br J Radiol. 2014 Aug;87(1040):20140145. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20140145. Epub 2014 Jun 24. PMID: 24959953; PMCID: PMC4112391.

van Delft KW, Sultan AH, Thakar R, Shobeiri SA, Kluivers KB. Agreement between palpation and transperineal and endovaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of levator ani avulsion. Int Urogynecol J. 2015 Jan;26(1):33-9. doi: 10.1007/s00192-014-2426-6. Epub 2014 May 24. PMID: 24859796.

Thiagamoorthy G, Johnson A, Thakar R, Sultan AH. National survey of perineal trauma and its subsequent management in the United Kingdom. Int Urogynecol J. 2014 Dec;25(12):1621-7. doi: 10.1007/s00192-014-2406-x. Epub 2014 May 16. PMID: 24832856.

van Delft K, Shobeiri SA, Thakar R, Schwertner-Tiepelmann N, Sultan AH. Intra- and interobserver reliability of levator ani muscle biometry and avulsion using three-dimensional endovaginal ultrasonography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Feb;43(2):202-9. doi: 10.1002/uog.13193. PMID: 23939804.

van Delft K, Thakar R, Shobeiri SA, Sultan AH. Levator hematoma at the attachment zone as an early marker for levator ani muscle avulsion. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Feb;43(2):210-7. doi: 10.1002/uog.12571. PMID: 23893754.

van Delft K, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Schwertner-Tiepelmann N, Kluivers K. Levator ani muscle avulsion during childbirth: a risk prediction model. BJOG. 2014 Aug;121(9):1155-63; discussion 1163. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12676. Epub 2014 Mar 5. PMID: 24593314.

van Delft K, Sultan AH, Thakar R, Schwertner-Tiepelmann N, Kluivers K. The relationship between postpartum levator ani muscle avulsion and signs and symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction. BJOG. 2014 Aug;121(9):1164-71; discussion 1172. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12666. Epub 2014 Feb 19. PMID: 24548759.

Roos AM, Thakar R, Sultan AH, de Leeuw JW, Paulus AT. The impact of pelvic floor surgery on female sexual function: a mixed quantitative and qualitative study. BJOG. 2014 Jan;121(1):92-100; discussion 101. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12412. Epub 2013 Sep 10. PMID: 24020923.

Naidu M, Kapoor DS, Evans S, Vinayakarao L, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Cutting an episiotomy at 60 degrees: how good are we? Int Urogynecol J. 2015 Jun;26(6):813-6. doi: 10.1007/s00192-015-2625-9. Epub 2015 Feb 6. PMID: 25656454.

van Delft KW, Thakar R, Sultan AH, IntHout J, Kluivers KB. The natural history of levator avulsion one year following childbirth: a prospective study. BJOG. 2015 Aug;122(9):1266-73. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.13223. Epub 2014 Dec 17. PMID: 25514994.

van Delft K, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Pelvic floor muscle contractility: digital assessment vs transperineal ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Feb;45(2):217-22. doi: 10.1002/uog.13456. PMID: 25044167.

Kessels IM, Fütterer JJ, Sultan AH, Kluivers KB. Clinical symptoms related to anal sphincter defects and atrophy on external phased-array MR imaging. Int Urogynecol J. 2015 Nov;26(11):1619-27. doi: 10.1007/s00192-015-2743-4. Epub 2015 Jun 4. PMID: 26040812; PMCID: PMC4611013.

Lone F, Thakar R, Sultan AH. One-year prospective comparison of vaginal pessaries and surgery for pelvic organ prolapse using the validated ICIQ-VS and ICIQ-UI (SF) questionnaires. Int Urogynecol J. 2015 Sep;26(9):1305-12. doi: 10.1007/s00192-015-2686-9. Epub 2015 Apr 11. PMID: 25862241.

Lone F, Sultan AH, Stankiewicz A, Thakar R. Interobserver agreement of multicompartment ultrasound in the assessment of pelvic floor anatomy. Br J Radiol. 2016;89(1059):20150704. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20150704. Epub 2016 Jan 22. PMID: 26800394; PMCID: PMC4986489.

Lone F, Thakar R, Wieczorek AP, Sultan AH, Stankiewicz A. Assessment of urethral vascularity using 2D colour Doppler high-frequency endovaginal ultrasonography in women treated for symptomatic stress urinary incontinence: 1-year prospective follow-up study. Int Urogynecol J. 2016 Jan;27(1):85-92. doi: 10.1007/s00192-015-2800-z. Epub 2015 Aug 5. PMID: 26243181.

Rostaminia G, Peck JD, Van Delft K, Thakar R, Sultan A, Shobeiri SA. New Measures for Predicting Birth-Related Pelvic Floor Trauma. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2016 Sep-Oct;22(5):292-6. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000282. PMID: 27054796; PMCID: PMC5002232.

Zimmo K, Laine K, Vikanes Å, Fosse E, Zimmo M, Ali H, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Hassan S. Diagnosis and repair of perineal injuries: knowledge before and after expert training-a multicentre observational study among Palestinian physicians and midwives. BMJ Open. 2017 Apr 7;7(4):e014183. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014183

Volløyhaug I, van Gruting I, van Delft K, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Is bladder neck and urethral mobility associated with urinary incontinence and mode of delivery 4 years after childbirth? Neurourol Urodyn. 2017 Jun;36(5):1403-1410. doi: 10.1002/nau.23123. Epub 2016 Oct 24. PMID: 27778369.

Naidu M, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Reducing obstetric anal sphincter injuries using perineal support: our preliminary experience. Int Urogynecol J. 2017 Mar;28(3):381-389. doi: 10.1007/s00192-016-3176-4. Epub 2016 Oct 19. PMID: 27761586.

Naidu M, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Reducing obstetric anal sphincter injuries using perineal support: our preliminary experience. Int Urogynecol J. 2017 Mar;28(3):381-389. doi: 10.1007/s00192-016-3176-4. Epub 2016 Oct 19. PMID: 27761586.

Sioutis D, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Overdiagnosis and rising rate of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS): time for reappraisal. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Nov;50(5):642-647. doi: 10.1002/uog.17306. PMID: 27643513.

Balachandran AA, Duvalla S, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Are obstetric outcomes affected by female genital mutilation? Int Urogynecol J. 2018, 29: 339-344. doi: 10.1007/s00192-017-3466-5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28889193

Van Gruting IMA, Stankiewicz A, Kluivers K, De Bin R, Blake H, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Accuracy of Four Imaging Techniques for Diagnosis of Posterior Pelvic Floor Disorders. Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Nov;130(5):1017-1024. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000002245. PubMed PMID: 29016504

Jordan PA, Naidu M, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Effect of subsequent vaginal delivery on bowel symptoms and anorectal function in women who sustained a previous obstetric anal sphincter injury. Int Urogynecol J. 2018 Nov;29(11):1579-1588. doi: 10.1007/s00192-018-3601-y. Epub 2018 Mar 29. PMID: 29600403; PMCID: PMC6208957.

Van Gruting IMA, Kluivers K, Sultan AH, De Bin R, Stankiewicz A, Blake H, Thakar R. Has 4D transperineal ultrasound additional value over 2D transperineal ultrasound for diagnosing obstructed defaecation syndrome? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Jun 8. doi: 10.1002/uog.19105

Arendsen LP, Vig S, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Impact of copper compression stockings on venous insufficiency and lipodermatosclerosis: A randomised controlled trial. Phlebology. 2019 May;34(4):224-230. doi: 10.1177/0268355518795329. Epub 2018 Aug 27. PMID: 30149775.

Knight M, Mottram L, Gray S, Partlett C, Juszczak E, ANODE collaborative group. Prophylactic antibiotics for the prevention of infection following operative vaginal delivery (ANODE): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2018 Jul 24;19(1):395. doi:10.1186/s13063-018-2787-0

Knight M, Chiocchia V, Partlett C, Rivero-Arias O, Hua X, Bowler U, Gray J, Gray S, Hinshaw K, Khunda A, Moore P, Mottram L, Owino N, Pasupathy D, Sanders J, Sultan AH, Thakar R, Tuffnell D, Linsell L, Juszczak E. Intravenous co-amoxiclav to prevent infection after operative vaginal delivery: the ANODE RCT. Health Technol Assess. 2019 Oct;23(54):1-54. doi: 10.3310/hta23540. PMID: 31590702; PMCID: PMC6801364.

Knight M, Chiocchia V, Partlett C, Rivero-Arias O, Hua X, Hinshaw K, Tuffnell D, Linsell L, Juszczak E; ANODE collaborative group. Prophylactic antibiotics in the prevention of infection after operative vaginal delivery (ANODE): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2019 Jun 15;393(10189):2395-2403. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30773-1. Epub 2019 May 13. Erratum in: Lancet. 2019 Jun 15;393(10189):2394. PubMed PMID: 31097213; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6584562

Volløyhaug I, Taithongchai A, van Gruting I, Sultan A, Thakar R. Levator ani morphology and function in women who have sustained obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Sep11. doi: 10.1002/uog.20115

Taithongchai A, Sultan AH, Wieczorek PA, Thakar R. Clinical application of 2D and 3D pelvic floor ultrasound of mid-urethral slings and vaginal wall mesh. Int Urogynecol J. 2019 Sep;30(9):1401-1411. doi: 10.1007/s00192-019-03973-2. Epub 2019 May 11. PMID: 31079196.

Taithongchai A, van Gruting IMA, Volløyhaug I, Arendsen LP, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Comparing the diagnostic accuracy of 3 ultrasound modalities for diagnosing obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Aug;221(2):134.e1-134.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.04.009. Epub 2019 Apr 11. PMID: 30981717.

Sultan AH, Thakar R, Ismail KM, Kalis V, Laine K, Räisänen SH, de Leeuw JW. The role of mediolateral episiotomy during operative vaginal delivery. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2019 Sep;240:192-196. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.07.005. Epub 2019 Jul 9. PMID: 31310920.

Taithongchai A, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Autologous rectus fascial slings for stress urinary incontinence: can we see them on ultrasound? Int Urogynecol J. 2020 Feb;31(2):415-417. doi: 10.1007/s00192-019-04056-y. Epub 2019 Jul 25. PMID: 31346672.

Taithongchai A, Veiga SI, Sultan AH, Thakar R. The consequences of undiagnosed obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) following vaginal delivery. Int Urogynecol J. 2020 Mar;31(3):635-641. doi: 10.1007/s00192-019-04033-5. Epub 2019 Jul 23. PMID: 31338522.

Taithongchai A, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Management of subsequent pregnancies following fourth-degree obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) [published online ahead of print, 2020 May 4]. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2020;250:80‐85. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.04.063

Wan OYK, Taithongchai A, Veiga SI, Sultan AH, Thakar R. A one-stop perineal clinic: our eleven-year experience [published online ahead of print, 2020 Jul 2]. Int Urogynecol J. 2020;10.1007/s00192-020-04405-2. doi:10.1007/s00192-020-04405-2

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Naidu M, Sultan AH. Outcome of anal symptoms and anorectal function following two obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS)-a nested case-controlled study. Int Urogynecol J. 2020 Nov;31(11):2405-2410. doi: 10.1007/s00192-020-04377-3. Epub 2020 Jun 16. PMID: 32556846; PMCID: PMC7561534

Linda Cardozo, Delia Bishara, Nikhil Chopra, Tamsin Greenwell, Dudley Robinson, Abdul Sultan. Anticholinergics and cognitive impairment in the treatment of overactive bladder. Guidelines@mail.mgp.co.uk November 2020

Arendsen LP, Thakar R, Bassett P, Sultan AH. A double blind randomized controlled trial using copper impregnated maternity sanitary towels to reduce perineal wound infection. Midwifery. 2020 Oct 23;92:102858. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102858. PMID: 33157498

D'Souza JC, Monga A, Tincello DG, Sultan AH, Thakar R, Hillard TC, Grigsby S, Kibria A, Jordan CF, Ashmore C. Maternal outcomes in subsequent delivery after previous obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI): a multi-centre retrospective cohort study. Int Urogynecol J. 2020 Mar;31(3):627-633. doi: 10.1007/s00192-019-03983-0. Epub 2019 Jun 22. PMID: 31230097; PMCID: PMC7093337.

Roper JC, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Isolated rectal buttonhole tears in obstetrics: case series and review of the literature. Int Urogynecol J. 2021 Jul;32(7):1761-1769. doi: 10.1007/s00192-020-04502-2. Epub 2020 Sep 15. PMID: 32930849; PMCID: PMC8295104.

Roper JC, Amber N, Wan OYK, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Review of available national guidelines for obstetric anal sphincter injury. Int Urogynecol J. 2020 Nov;31(11):2247-2259

Van Gruting MA, van Delft KWM, Sultan AH, Thakar R. The natural history of Levator Ani Muscle Avulsion 4 years following childbirth. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Sep 16. doi: 10.1002/uog.23120. PMID: 32936957

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Kleprlikova H, Taithongchai A, Sultan AH. Early re-suturing of dehisced obstetric perineal wounds: A 13-year experience. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2020 Nov;254:69-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.09.013. Epub 2020 Sep 10. PMID: 32942078

Okeahialam NA, Taithongchai A, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Transperineal and endovaginal ultrasound for evaluating sub-urethral masses: A comparison to magnetic resonance imaging. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Sep 16. doi: 10.1002/uog.23123. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32936990

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Ilczyszyn A, Sultan AH. Anal and urinary incontinence in nulliparous women - Prevalence and associated risk factors. Post Reprod Health. 2021 Jun;27(2):89-97. doi: 10.1177/20533691211005313. Epub 2021 Mar 27. PMID: 33779390

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Effect of a subsequent pregnancy on anal sphincter integrity and function after obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI). Int Urogynecol J. 2021 Jul;32(7):1719-1726

Wong KW, Thakar R, Andrews V, Sultan AH. Is there a role for transperineal ultrasound imaging of the anal sphincter immediately after primary repair of third degree tears? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2022 Apr;271:260-264. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.02.182. Epub 2022 Mar 2. PMID: 35255362.

Roper JC, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Under-classified obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Int Urogynecol J. 2022 Jun;33(6):1473-1479. doi: 10.1007/s00192-021-05051-y. Epub 2022 Feb 12. PMID: 35150290

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Early secondary repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs): experience and a review of the literature. Int Urogynecol J. 2021 Jul;32(7):1611-1622. doi: 10.1007/s00192-021-04822-x. Epub 2021 May 15. PMID: 33991222.

Van Gruting IMA, Stankiewicz A, Van Delft KWM, Doumouchtsis SK, Inthout J, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Diagnostic test accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and pelvic floor ultrasound for diagnosis of levator ani muscle avulsion. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Oct;60(4):559-569. doi: 10.1002/uog.24955. PMID: 35633511.

Okeahialam NA, Wong KW, Thakar R, Sultan AH. The incidence of wound complications following primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Aug;227(2):182-191. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.05.012. Epub 2022 May 10. PMID: 35550375.

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Bacterial autofluorescence in infected perineal wounds: A prospective cohort study. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2023 Jan;105(1):115831. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115831. Epub 2022 Oct 8. PMID: 36332560

Wong KW, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Andrews V. Can transperineal ultrasound improve the diagnosis of obstetric anal sphincter injuries? Int Urogynecol J. 2022 Oct;33(10):2809-2814. doi: 10.1007/s00192-022-05290-7. Epub 2022 Aug 2. PMID: 35916899.

Adanna Okeahialam N, Thakar R, Sultan AH. The clinical progression and wound healing rate of dehisced perineal tears healing by secondary intention: A prospective observational study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2022 Jul;274:191-196. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.05.035. Epub 2022 May 31. PMID: 35667174.

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Comparison of diagnostic criteria for significant anal sphincter defects between endoanal and transperineal ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Dec;60(6):793-799. doi: 10.1002/uog.24957. Epub 2022 Nov 10. PMID: 35638253; PMCID: PMC10100122.

Okeahialam NA, Taithongchai A, Thakar R, Sultan AH. The incidence of anal incontinence following obstetric anal sphincter injury graded using the Sultan classification: a network meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023 Jun;228(6):675-688.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.11.1279. Epub 2022 Nov 13. Erratum in: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2024 May;230(5):581. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.02.001. PMID: 36379266.

Roper JC, Naidu M, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Getting the size right: Are clinicians ready for it? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2023 Jan;280:154-159. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.11.026. Epub 2022 Dec 2. PMID: 36495777.

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Postpartum perineal wound infection and its effect on anal sphincter integrity: Results of a prospective observational study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2023 Apr;102(4):473-479. doi: 10.1111/aogs.14515. Epub 2023 Jan 27. PMID: 36707852; PMCID: PMC10008287.

Roper JC, Thakar R, Hurt KJ, Sultan AH. Diagnosis, management and training in perineal trauma: a UK national survey of obstetricians. Int Urogynecol J. 2023 Dec;34(12):2873-2883. doi: 10.1007/s00192-023-05590-6. Epub 2023 Jul 27. PMID: 37498432; PMCID: PMC10756863.

Okeahialam NA, Sultan AH, Thakar R. The prevention of perineal trauma during vaginal birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2024 Mar;230(3S):S991-S1004. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.06.021. Epub 2023 Aug 11. PMID: 37635056.

Roper JC, Thakar R, Sultan AH. UK survey of colorectal surgeons on the management of acute obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Colorectal Dis. 2024 Jan;26(1):130-136. doi: 10.1111/codi.16820. Epub 2023 Dec 26. PMID: 38148521.

Okeahialam NA, Sultan AH. Episiotomy: Are Indian Obstetricians Getting the Angle Right? J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2024 Jun;74(3):214-218. doi: 10.1007/s13224-023-01871-8. Epub 2023 Nov 28. PMID: 38974739; PMCID: PMC11224165

Van Gruting IMA, Kluivers K, Stankiewicz A, IntHout J, van Delft KWM, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Evaluation of Perineal Descent Measurements on Pelvic Floor Imaging. J Clin Med. 2025 Jan 16;14(2):548. doi: 10.3390/jcm14020548. PMID: 39860553; PMCID: PMC11766426

Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Bartram CI, Hudson CN.  Perineal damage at delivery. Contemporary Reviews in Obstetrics & Gynaecology 1994;6:18-24. 

Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Hudson CN, Thomas JM, Bartram CI. Anal sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery. Obstetrical and Gynaecological Survey  1994;49(6):382-383. 

Bartram CI, Sultan AH. Anal endosonography in faecal incontinence. Gut. Leading Article 1995 Jul;37(1):4-6. doi: 10.1136/gut.37.1.4. PMID: 7672678; PMCID: PMC1382758.

Sultan AH, Stanton SL. Preserving the pelvic floor and perineum during childbirth--elective caesarean section? Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1996 Aug;103(8):731-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09864.x. PMID: 8760699.

Sultan AH, Monga AK, Stanton SL. The pelvic floor sequelae of childbirth. Br J Hosp Med. 1996 May 1-14;55(9):575-9. PMID: 8735035.

Sultan AH, Stanton SL. Occult obstetric anal sphincter trauma. European Journal of Hepatology and Gastroenterology1997;9:423-7.

Sultan AH, Kamm MA. Faecal incontinence after childbirth. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1997 Sep;104(9):979-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb12052.x. PMID: 9307520.

Sultan AH. Anal incontinence after childbirth. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 1997 Oct;9(5):320-4. PMID: 9360815.

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Anorectal function in the postmenopausal woman. Journal of the British Menopause Society 1999;5(2):78-82. doi: 10.1177/136218079900500210

Chaliha C, Sultan AH, Stanton SL. Changes in the pelvic floor following childbirth. Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review, 1999; 11:41-54 doi: 10.1017/S0965539599000157

Sultan AH. Obstetric perineal injury and anal incontinence. Clinical Risk 1999;5:193-6. doi: 10.1177/135626229900500601

Sultan AH, Monga AM, Kumar D, Stanton SL. Primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter rupture using the overlap technique. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey 1999;54(10);625-6

Sultan AH. Anal incontinence after vaginal delivery [Editorial] Diseases Colon Rectum 2000;43:597-8

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Lower genital tract and anal sphincter trauma. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2002 Feb;16(1):99-115. doi: 10.1053/beog.2002.0258. PMID: 11866500.

Sultan AH, Fernando RJ. Maternal Obstetric Injury. Current Obstetrics Gynaecology 2001:11:279-84

Fernando R, Johanson R, Kettle C, Sultan A, Radley S. Methods of repair for obstetric anal sphincter injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Jul 19;3:CD002866. 

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Management of obstetric anal sphincter injury. The Obstetrician and Gynaecologist 2003; 5: 31-39 doi:10.1576/toag.5.2.72

Andrews V, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Management of third and fourth degree tears. Reviews in Gynaecological Practice 2003;3:188-95 doi: 10.1016/j.rigp.2003.08.003

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Anal endosonography and its role in assessing the incontinent patient. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2004 Feb;18(1):157-73. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2003.09.007. PMID: 15123064.

Fernando RJ, Sultan AH. Risk factors and management of obstetric perineal injury. Current  Obstetrics Gynaecology 2004; 14: 320-326 doi: 10.1016/j.ogrm.2007.06.008 

Sultan AH, Nugent K. Pathophysiology and nonsurgical treatment of anal incontinence. BJOG. 2004 Dec;111 Suppl 1:84-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00474.x. PMID: 15663165.

Kapoor DS, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Combined urinary and faecal incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2005 Jul-Aug;16(4):321-8. doi: 10.1007/s00192-004-1283-0. Epub 2005 Feb 24. PMID: 15729476.

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Hysterectomy and pelvic organ dysfunction. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2005 Jun;19(3):403-18. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2005.01.008. Epub 2005 Feb 12. PMID: 15985255.

Thakar R, Addison R, Sultan AH. Management of urinary incontinence. Clinical Geriatrics 2005;13:44-56.

 Shah S, Thakar R, Sultan AH. History of pelvic organ prolapse International Urogynaecology Journal and Pelvic floor dysfunction 2006;17:170-175

Premila S, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Management of urinary incontinence Obstetrics & Gynaecology Today  2005;3:12-21

Fernando R, Sultan AH, Kettle C, Thakar R, Radley S. Methods of repair for obstetric anal sphincter injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Jul 19;(3):CD002866. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002866.pub2. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Dec 08;(12):CD002866. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002866.pub3. PMID: 16855993.

Thakar R, Sultan AH.  Surgical Techniques: Obstetric anal sphincter injury: 7 critical questions about care. OBG Management 2008; February: 56-68

Srivastava R, Thakar R, Sultan A. Female sexual dysfunction in obstetrics and gynecology. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2008 Aug;63(8):527-37. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0b013e31817f13e3. PMID: 18631409.

Thakar R, Sultan AH.  Management of Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS). Obstetrics and Gynaecology Forum 2009 19 (1): 15-20

Abdool Z, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Postpartum female sexual function. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2009 Aug;145(2):133-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2009.04.014. Epub 2009 May 29. PMID: 19481858.

Santoro GA, Wieczorek AP, Dietz HP, Mellgren A, Sultan AH, Shobeiri SA, Stankiewicz A, Bartram C. State of the art: an integrated approach to pelvic floor ultrasonography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Apr;37(4):381-96. doi: 10.1002/uog.8816. PMID: 20814874.

Oliver R, Thakar R, Sultan AH. The history and usage of the vaginal pessary: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011 Jun;156(2):125-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2010.12.039. Epub 2011 Jan 21. PMID: 21255901.

Schwertner-Tiepelmann N, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Tunn R. Obstetric levator ani muscle injuries: current status. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Apr;39(4):372-83. doi: 10.1002/uog.11080. PMID: 22190408.

Abdool Z, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Ultrasound imaging of the anal sphincter complex: a review. Br J Radiol. 2012 Jul;85(1015):865-75. doi: 10.1259/bjr/27314678. Epub 2012 Feb 28. PMID: 22374273; PMCID: PMC3474057.

Lone F, Sultan A, Thakar R. Obstetric pelvic floor and anal sphincter injuries. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist 2012;14:257–266. doi:10.1111/j.1744-4667.2012.00133.x

Sultan AH. Incontinence after primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter tears is related to elative length of reconstructed external sphincter. Commentary. Ultrasound Obstet Gynaecol 2012;40:207-14

Fernando RJ, Sultan AH, Kettle C, Thakar R. Methods of repair for obstetric anal sphincter injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Dec 8;12:CD002866. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002866.pub3. Review. 

Jha S, Sultan AH. Obstetric anal sphincter injury: the changing landscape. BJOG. 2015 Jun;122(7):931. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.13019. PMID: 26011454.

Kapoor DS, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Obstetric anal sphincter injuries: review of anatomical factors and modifiable second stage interventions. Int Urogynecol J. 2015 Dec;26(12):1725-34. doi: 10.1007/s00192-015-2747-0. Epub 2015 Jun 5. PMID: 26044511.

Harvey MA, Pierce M, Alter JE, Chou Q, Diamond P, Epp A, Geoffrion R, Harvey MA, Larochelle A, Maslow K, Neustaedter G, Pascali D, Pierce M, Schulz J, Wilkie D, Sultan A, Thakar R; Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. Obstetrical Anal Sphincter Injuries (OASIS): Prevention, Recognition, and Repair. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2015 Dec;37(12):1131-48

Sultan AH, Monga A, Lee J, Emmanuel A, Norton C, Santoro G, Hull T, Berghmans  B, Brody S, Haylen BT. An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female anorectal dysfunction. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017 Jan;36(1):10-34. doi: 10.1002/nau.23055

Sultan AH, Monga A, Lee J, Emmanuel A, Norton C, Santoro G, Hull T, Berghmans B, Brody S, Haylen BT. An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female anorectal dysfunction. Int Urogynecol J. 2017 Jan;28(1):5-31

Arendsen LP, Thakar R, Sultan AH. The Use of Copper as an Antimicrobial Agent in Health Care, Including Obstetrics and Gynecology. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2019 Aug 14;32(4):e00125-18. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00125-18. PMID: 31413046; PMCID: PMC6730497.

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Healing of disrupted perineal wounds after vaginal delivery: a poorly understood condition. Br J Nurs. 2021 Nov 2;30(Sup20):S8-S16. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2021.30.Sup20.S8. PMID: 34781764.

Okeahialam NA, Roper J, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Utility of Ultrasound in the diagnosis and location of Mid Urethral Slings. J Clin Images. 2020; 3(1): 1024.

Roper JC, Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Ultrasound images of bulking agents used for stress urinary incontinence. J Clin Images. 2020; 3(1): 1025

Okeahialam NA, Wong KW, Jha S, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Mediolateral/lateral episiotomy with operative vaginal delivery and the risk reduction of obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI): A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urogynecol J. 2022 Jun;33(6):1393-1405. doi: 10.1007/s00192-022-05145-1. Epub 2022 Apr 15. PMID: 35426490; PMCID: PMC9206628.

van Gruting IM, Stankiewicz A, Thakar R, Santoro GA, IntHout J, Sultan AH. Imaging modalities for the detection of posterior pelvic floor disorders in women with obstructed defaecation syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Sep 23;9(9):CD011482. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011482.pub2. PMID: 34553773; PMCID: PMC8459393.

Okeahialam NA, Sultan AH, Thakar R. The prevention of perineal trauma during vaginal birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2024 Mar;230(3S):S991-S1004. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.06.021. Epub 2023 Aug 11. PMID: 37635056.

Ramphal SR, Sultan AH. Perineal injuries during vaginal birth in low-resource countries. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2024 Jun;94:102484. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102484. Epub 2024 Feb 15. PMID: 38422604.

Woon Wong K, Okeahialam N, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Obstetric risk factors for levator ani muscle avulsion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2024 May;296:99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.02.044. Epub 2024 Feb 24. PMID: 38422805.

Sultan AH, Thakar R, Fenner D. Perineal and anal sphincter trauma. London: Springer 2007

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Diagnosis and repair of acute obstetric perineal trauma 2010

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Repair of mediolateral episiotomy 2010

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Diagnosis and repair of acute obstetric perineal trauma. (USB) 2nd edition; 2019

Giulio A. Santoro, Andrzej P. Wieczorek, Abdul H. Sultan (Eds.), Pelvic Floor Disorders. A Multidisciplinary Textbook. 2nd ed.Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2021

Sultan AH, Thakar R, Lewicky-Gaupp C. Pelvic Floor, Perineal, and Anal Sphincter Trauma During Childbirth. 2nd ed. London: Springer. In 2024

Sultan AH, Kamm MA. Ultrasound of the anal sphincter. In Schuster MM (ed), Atlas of gastrointestinal  motility in health and disease. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1993: 115-121 

Lunniss PJ, Sultan AH. MRI and anal endosonography. In: Phillips RKS, Lunniss PJ (eds). Anal Fistula. London: Chapman Hall, 1996, 59-68 

Sultan AH, Monga AK, Stanton SL. The pelvic floor sequelae of childbirth. In: Farquharson RG (ed). Vignettes for the MRCOG.  Wiltshire: Quay books, 1998, 151-163

Sultan AH. The Puerperium. In Campbell S, Lees C (eds). Obstetrics by Ten Teachers (17th edition) Arnold Publishers, London:2000

Sultan AH, Kahn MA. Perineal and primary anal sphincter repair. In Staskin D, Cardozo L (eds). Textbook of Female Urology and Urogynaecology. London: ISIS Medical Media 2001: 627-42

Henry MM, Sultan AH. Lower intestinal tract disease. In Stanton SL and Monga AK (eds). Clinical Urogynaecology (2nd edition). London: Churchill Livingston, London 1999:439-454.

Sultan AH, Abulafi MA. The role of the gynaecologist in faecal incontinence. In: Sturdee R, Olah K, Keane D (eds). Yearbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Vol 9. London: RCOG press 2001:170-87

Sultan AH. Effects of vaginal delivery on the anal sphincter. In: Huch A, Chaoui R, Huch R (eds). Caesarean Section. Bremen: Unimed Verlag AG  2001: 78-79.

Norton C, Christiansen J, Butler U, Harari D, Nelson RL, Pemberton J, Price K, Rovnor E, Sultan A. Anal Incontinence. In Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury, Wein A (eds). Incontinence 2nd ed. Plymouth: Health Publication Ltd 2002:985-1044

Sultan AH. Third degree tear repair. In: Maclean AB, Cardozo L (eds). Incontinence in women. London: RCOG press 2002:379-390

Kahn MA, Sultan AH. Repair of posterior vaginal wall prolapse. In: Drutz, Herschorn, Diamant (eds). Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive pelvic surgery. Springer-Verlag, London: 2003, 441-454.

Sultan AH. Primary and secondary anal sphincter repair. In: Stanton SL and Zimmern (eds). Female pelvic reconstructive surgery. London: Springer 2003:149-157

Monga A, Sultan AH. The mechanism of incontinence. In:  Shaw, Soutter, Stanton (eds). Gynaecology. London: Churchill Livingstone 2003: 743-754

Sultan AH. Urogynaecology: Anal endosonography and incontinence. In Timmerman D, Deprest J, Bourne T (eds). Ultrasound and Endoscopic Surgery in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. London: Springer Verlag, 2003: 93-98. 

Andrews V, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Diagnosis of anal sphincter injury. In: Tim Hillard, David Purdee. Yearbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Vol 11 London: RCOG Press 2004; 12-21.

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Prevention of obstetric perineal trauma. In Christine Henderson, Debra Bick (eds). Perineal Care: An international issue. Wiltshire UK: Quay Books, 2005: 98-112 

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Management and prevention of perineal trauma In Arulkumaran S, Penna LK, Bhasker Rao (eds). The Management of Labour. India: Orient Longman 2005: 252-268.

Mostwin J, Bourcier J, Haab F, Koebl H, Rao N, Resnick S, Salvatore S, Sultan A, Yamaguchi O. Pathophysiology of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. In Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury, Wein A (eds). Incontinence 3nd ed. Plymouth: Health Publication Ltd 2005, Vol 1: 425-484

Sultan AH. The Puerperium. In: Baker PN (ed:) Obstetrics by Ten Teachers (18th ed), London:Edward Arnold 2006:286-300

Sultan AH. Operative intervention in obstetrics. In Baker P (ed) Obstetrics by Ten Teachers (18th ed), London: Edward Arnold 2006:255-72

Sultan AH.  Primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter injury. In Cardozo L and Staskin D. Textbook of Female Urology and Urogynecology. Oxon: Informa Healthcare, 2006: 1111-20

Sultan AH. Post delivery procedures and complications.  Vaginal and perineal lacerations. In S Arulkumaran (eds) Emergencies in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Oxford: Oxford University Press 2006:146 – 162

Sultan AH, Kettle C. Diagnosis of perineal trauma. In: Sultan AH, Thakar R,   Fenner D. Perineal and anal sphincter trauma. London:Springer 2007:13-19

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Third and Fourth degree tears. In: Sultan AH, Thakar R, Fenner D. Perineal and anal sphincter trauma. London: Springer 2007: 33-51

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Postpartum problems and the role of a perineal clinic. In: Sultan AH, Thakar R, Fenner D. Perineal and anal sphincter trauma. London: Springer 2007:13-20

Bartram CI, Sultan AH. Imaging of the anal sphincter. In: Sultan AH, Thakar R, Fenner D. Perineal and anal sphincter trauma. London: Springer 2007:123-132

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Perineal and sphincter trauma. In: Grady K, Howell C, Cox C. The MOET Course Manual. Managing obstetric emergencies and trauma. London: RCOG press 2007:349-360

Sultan AH, Abulafi MA. Anal Incontinence, constipation and obstructed defaecation. In: Baessler K, Schüssler B, Burgio KL, Moore KH, Norton PA, Stanton S (Eds.) Pelvic Floor Re-education - principles and practice. 2nd ed. London: Springer-Verlag 2009

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Episiotomy and obstetric perineal trauma. In: Warren R, Arulkumaran S (eds). Best Practice in Labour and Delivery. Cambridge University Press 2009;182-194

Koebl H, Nitti V, Baessler K, Salvatore S, Sultan A, Yamaguchi O. Pathophysiology of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. In Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury, Wein A (eds). Incontinence 4th ed. Plymouth: Health Publication Ltd 2009:255-330

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Ultrasound and diagnosis of obstetric anal sphincter injuries. In: Davor Jurkovic, Lil Valentin, Sanjay Vyas (eds). Gynaecological ultrasound in clinical practice. London: RCOG Press 2009:121-132

Ranee Thakar, Abdul H Sultan. Prevention of perineal trauma. In: Santoro GA, Wieczorek AP, Bartram CI. Pelvic floor disorders Italy: Springer Verlag 2010:155-162

Sultan AH, Thakar R.  Posterior compartment disorders and management of acute anal sphincter trauma. In: Santoro GA, Wieczorek AP, Bartram CI. Pelvic floor disorders Italy: Springer Verlag 2010:143-154

A. Muti Abulafi, Sultan AH. Rectovaginal fistulae In: Santoro GA, Wieczorek AP, Bartram CI. Pelvic floor disorders Italy: Springer Verlag 2010:635-654

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Lower Genital Tract Trauma. Baskett T, Calder A , Arulkumaran (eds)  Munro Kerr’s Operative Obstetrics, 12th Edition, in press

Koebl H, Igawa Ty, Salvatore S, Laterza RM, Lowry A, Sievert K-D, Sultan A.  Pathophysiology of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. In Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury, Wein A (eds). Incontinence 5th ed. Plymouth: Health Publication Ltd 2013:261-360

Fernando R, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Management of obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Chapter 25  In: Arjun G, Seshadri L, Ram U. A practical guide to obstetrics. Cost effective, evidence based, safe care. Universities Press India: 2013:1511-1530 

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Perineal Surgery StratOG- RCOG online learning resource: 2013.

Santoro GA, Sultan AH. Anal Incontinence. In: Rogers RG, Sung VW, Thakar R, Iglesia CB (eds). Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery. New York: Mc Graw Hill Education 2013

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Lower Genital Tract Trauma. In: Baskett T, Calder A, Arulkumaran (eds) Munro Kerr’s Operative Obstetrics, 12th Edition. Edinburgh: Sanders Elsevier 2014:217-225

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Complex perineal and anal sphincter trauma. In: Patterson-Brown S, Howell C. Managing Obstetric Emergencies and Trauma. 3rd edition. Singapore: Cambridge University Press 2014: 417-26

Thakar R Sultan AH. The female pelvis and the reproductive organs. In: Jayne E Marshall, Maureen D Raynor (eds) Myles Textbook for Midwives, 6th Edition. Edinburgh: Sanders Elsevier 2014:55-80.

Thakar R Sultan AH, Maureen D Raynor, Carol McCormick. Care of the perineum, repair and female genital mutilation. In: Jayne E Marshall, Maureen D Raynor (eds) Myles Textbook for Midwives, 6th Edition. Edinburgh: Sanders Elsevier 2014:311-25.

Thakar R, Sultan AH. Episiotomy and obstetric perineal trauma. In:  Arulkumaran S (ed). Best Practice in Labour and Delivery. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2nd edition 2016;212-225

Salvatore S, Delancey J, Igawa Y, Koebl H, Laterza RM, Serati M, Sultan A, Sievert K D, Lowry A. Pathophysiology of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. In Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury, Wagg A, Wein A (eds). Incontinence 6th ed. Plymouth: Health Publication Ltd. 2017:361-496

Ranee Thakar, Abdul H Sultan. Perineal repair and pelvic floor injury. In: David James, Philip Steer, Carl Weiner, Bernard Gonik, Stephen Robson. High-risk pregnancy. Management options. Cambridge University Press. Online 2017: 1843-66

Kapoor DSK, Sultan AH. Perineal trauma and episiotomy. In: Jha S and Ferriman E (eds). Medicolegal Issues in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Switzerland:Springer.2018:199-206

Jha S, Sultan AH. Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI). In: Jha S and Ferriman E (eds). Medicolegal Issues in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Switzerland: Springer 2018:291-296

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Lower Genital Tract Trauma. In: Sabaratnam Arulkumaran and Michael S Robson (eds) Munro Kerr’s Operative Obstetrics, 13th Edition. Edinburgh: Sanders Elsevier 2020:253-259

Giulio A. Santoro, Luigi Brusciano, and Abdul H. Sultan, Endoanal and Endorectal Ultrasonography: Methodology and Normal Anorectal Anatomy. In: Giulio A. Santoro, Andrzej P. Wieczorek, Abdul H. Sultan (Eds.), Pelvic Floor Disorders. A Multidisciplinary Textbook. 2nd ed. Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2021:133-47

Abdul H. Sultan and Ranee Thakar. Posterior Compartment Trauma and Management of Acute Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries . In: Giulio A. Santoro, Andrzej P. Wieczorek, Abdul H. Sultan (Eds.), Pelvic Floor Disorders. A Multidisciplinary Textbook. 2nd ed. Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2021: 211-22

Abdul H. Sultan and Ranee Thakar. Prevention of Perineal Trauma . In: Giulio A. Santoro, Andrzej P. Wieczorek, Abdul H. Sultan (Eds.), Pelvic Floor Disorders. A Multidisciplinary Textbook. 2nd ed. Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2021:229-38

Giulio A. Santoro, Andrzej P. Wieczorek, Magdalena Maria Woźniak, Jonia Alshiek, Abbas Shoebeiri, and Abdul H. Sultan. Integrated Imaging Approach to Pelvic Organ Prolapse. In: Giulio A. Santoro, Andrzej P. Wieczorek, Abdul H. Sultan (Eds.), Pelvic Floor Disorders. A Multidisciplinary Textbook. 2nd ed. Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2021: 577-618

A. Muti Abulafi, Sultan AH. Rectovaginal fistulae. In: Giulio A. Santoro, Andrzej P. Wieczorek, Abdul H. Sultan (Eds.), Pelvic Floor Disorders. A Multidisciplinary Textbook. 2nd ed.Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2021: 975-94

Okeahialam NC, Sultan AH, Thakar R. Previous third and fourth degree tears. In: Jha & Madhuvrata: Gynaecology for the Obstetrician, in Press

Bary Berghmans, Esther Bols, Patrizia Pelizzo, Abdul H Sultan, and Giulio A Santoro. Anal Incontinence, Prevalence, causes and pathophysiology. In: Bo K. Berghmans B, Morkved S, Van Kampen Marijke. Evidence-Based Physical Therapy for Pelvic Floor. Bridging Science and Clinical Practice. 3rd ed. Glasgow: Elsevier 2024:443-447

Giulio A Santoro, Patrizia Pelizzo, Esther Bols, Abdul H Sultan, and Bary Berghmans. Constipation, Prevalence, causes and pathophysiology. In: Bo K. Berghmans B, Morkved S, Van Kampen Marijke. Evidence-Based Physical Therapy for Pelvic Floor. Bridging Science and Clinical Practice. 3rd ed. Glasgow: Elsevier 2024:475-482

Fernando R. Sultan AH. Obstetric anal sphincter Injuries. In: Bo K. Berghmans B, Morkved S, Van Kampen Marijke. Evidence-Based Physical Therapy for Pelvic Floor. Bridging Science and Clinical Practice. 3rd ed. Glasgow: Elsevier 2024:383-393

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Diagnosis of obstetric anal sphincter Injuries (OASIs). In: Sultan AH, Thakar R, Lewicky-Gaupp C. Pelvic Floor, Perineal, and Anal Sphincter Trauma During Childbirth. 2nd ed. London: Springer. 2024:37-48

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Management of OASIs. In: Sultan AH, Thakar R, Lewicky-Gaupp C. Pelvic Floor, Perineal, and Anal Sphincter Trauma During Childbirth. 2nd ed. London: Springer. 2024:61-88

Okeahialam NC, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Perineal and anal sphincter wound healing complications. In: Sultan AH, Thakar R, Lewicky-Gaupp C. Pelvic Floor, Perineal, and Anal Sphincter Trauma During Childbirth. 2nd ed. London: Springer. 2024:135-160

Thakar R, Sultan AH, Lewicky-Gaupp C. Post partum problems and the perineal clinic. In: Sultan AH, Thakar R, Lewicky-Gaupp C. Pelvic Floor, Perineal, and Anal Sphincter Trauma During Childbirth. 2nd ed. London: Springer. 2024:161-178

Santoro GA, Pelizzo P, Sultan AH. Anal sphincter imaging of obstetric trauma. In: Sultan AH, Thakar R, Lewicky-Gaupp C. Pelvic Floor, Perineal, and Anal Sphincter Trauma During Childbirth. 2nd ed. London: Springer. 2024:255-270

Roper J, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Education and training in OASIs. In: Sultan AH, Thakar R, Lewicky-Gaupp C. Pelvic Floor, Perineal, and Anal Sphincter Trauma During Childbirth. 2nd ed. London: Springer. 2024:389-402

Sultan, A. H., Meyer, L., Akosa, A. B., & Viniker, D. A. (1995). Extra-uterine decidual reaction in pregnancy mimicking advanced ovarian carcinoma. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 15(2), 98–99. https://doi.org/10.3109/01443619509020664

Ogueh, O., A. Sultan, D. L. McMillan, and R. Baldwin. 1995. “Borderline Serous Papillary Cystadenocarcinoma Arising in Endometriosis.” Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 15 (3): 207–8. doi:10.3109/01443619509015503.

Fernando RJ, Sultan AH, Thakar R, Jeyanthan K. Management of the neglected vaginal ring pessary. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2007 Jan;18(1):117-9. doi: 10.1007/s00192-006-0089-7. Epub 2006 May 13. PMID: 16699913.

Scheer I, Thakar R, Sultan AH, Newman-Saunders T. Voiding dysfunction after abdominoplasty--an unusual complication. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2007 Feb;18(2):213-4. doi: 10.1007/s00192-006-0114-x. Epub 2006 Apr 5. PMID: 16596460.

Shoeir S, Balachandran AA, Wang J, Sultan AH. Mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the vagina masquerading as a suburethral cyst. BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Jul 3;2018. pii: bcr-2018-224758. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-224758

Yan S, Walker R, Sultan AH. Open removal of a migrated Gellhorn pessary and repair of a vesicovaginal fistula. BMJ Case Rep. 2020;13(7):e233986. Published 2020 Jul 16. doi:10.1136/bcr-2019-233986.

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Imaging Studies in a Primary Vaginal Melanoma Disguised as a Suburethral Cyst: A Case Report. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2021 Jan 1;27(1):e252-e255. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000987. PMID: 33208656.

Sultan, A.H., Kamm, M.A. & Blatchford, G.J. Relationship between parity and anal manometry. Dis Colon Rectum 36, 783–784 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02048375

Sultan AH, Monga AK. Anal and urinary incontinence in women with obstetric anal sphincter rupture. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1997 Jun;104(6):754-5. PMID: 9197890.

Chaliha C, Sultan AH. Midline episiotomy and anal incontinence. Training is needed in the recognition and repair of perineal trauma. BMJ. 2000 Jun 10;320(7249):1601. PMID: 10896430; PMCID: PMC1127380.

Sultan AH, Thakar R. Diagnosis of anal sphincter tears to prevent fecal incontinence: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Nov;106(5 Pt 1):1108-9; author reply 1109. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000186051.88740.7f. PMID: 16260538.

Andrews V, Sultan AH, Thakar R, Jones PW.  Are mediolateral episiotomies actually mediolateral. BJOG 2006;113: 245-6.

Fernando RJ, Sultan AH, Kettle C, Radley S, Jones P, O’Brien PMS. Repair techniques for obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Obstet Gynecol 2007;109: 454-5

Kapoor DS, Sultan AH, Thakar R. A retrospective review of patients seen in a multidisciplinary pelvic floor clinic. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2010 Nov;32(11):1028-1029. doi: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)34707-7. PMID: 21226236.

Sultan AH, Fernando R. Overlapping compared with end-to-end repair of third and fourth-degree obstetric anal sphincter tears: A randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2011;117(2)408-9

Van Delft KW, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Levator avulsion using a tomographic ultrasound and magnetic resonance-based model. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Apr;206(4):e7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.01.012. Epub 2012 Jan 13. PMID: 22365039.

Van Delft, K., Shobeiri, S.A., Thakar, R., Schwertner-Tiepelmann, N. and Sultan, A.H. (2014), Reply. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 43: 480-480. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.13329

Lone, F., Thakar, R. & Sultan, A.H. Response to the Letter to the Editor by Waarsenburg et al.. Int Urogynecol J 26, 1401 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-015-2788-4

de Leeuw JW, Kalis V, Ismail KM, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Not only residents, but gynecologists and obstetricians, too…. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2019 Jul;98(7):945. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13593. Epub 2019 Mar 15. PMID: 30801656.

Taithongchai A, Sultan AH. Letter to the Editor. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2020 Jan;244:196. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.05.035. Epub 2019 May 26. PMID: 31160131.

Roper JC, Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. A Clinical Risk Calculator to Predict Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries in Laboring Patients. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2020 Dec 1;26(12):779. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000851. PMID: 32487883.

Okeahialam NA, Wong KW, Roper J, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Re: Cesarean section in the second delivery to prevent anal incontinence after asymptomatic obstetrical anal sphincter injury: the EPIC multicentre randomised trial. BJOG. 2021 Mar;128(4):770-771. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.16578. Epub 2020 Nov 20. PMID: 33215820.

Okeahialam NA, Banerjee I, Wong KW, Thakar R, Sultan AH. More answers are needed before proposing surgical management of pudendal nerve entrapment after sacrospinous ligament fixation. BJOG. 2022 Oct;129(11):1942. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.17247. Epub 2022 Jun 27. PMID: 35757842.

Okeahialam NA, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Reply. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Dec;60(6):818-819. doi: 10.1002/uog.26104. PMID: 36454635.

Wong KW, Okeahialam N, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Response to letter to the Editor 'Clarifying risk factors and missed opportunities in levator ani muscle avulsion research. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2025 Apr 17;308:263. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2025.02.059. Epub 2025 Mar 1. PMID: 40050147.